Four Things to Know About China’s 2025 Economic Outlook

China’s leadership underscored its resolve to tackle the country’s economic headwinds at two major meetings this month, including the protracted real estate slump, weak domestic demand and external shocks such as the looming new round of U.S. tariffs.

A state media readout of the Central Economic Work Conference (CEWC), which ran from Dec. 11 to Dec. 12, said China will adopt a “more proactive” fiscal policy and a “moderately loose” monetary policy next year. These policy shifts were first mentioned at a meeting of the Communist Party’s Politburo on Dec. 9, chaired by President Xi Jinping, at which policymakers also vowed for the first time to “strengthen extraordinary countercyclical adjustments.”