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In Depth: Repayment Question Looms as China Speeds Up Special Bond Issuance

By Cheng Siwei
2026年06月30日 14:34
Delegating approvals to provinces has accelerated fundraising, but as interest costs hit record highs, a fundamental flaw in local government financing lingers
China’s special bond issuance has sped up due to a new streamlined approval process, but the question of how local governments will repay the debt hasn’t gone away.

The National Audit Office looked into how local governments across nine provinces were managing their special-purpose bonds (SPBs) in 2024 and found 132.6 billion yuan ($19.5 billion) in funds that had been used problematically.

It was not the first such finding — audits in recent years had repeatedly turned up similar patterns. Localities had inflated projected returns to win approval, allowed funds to sit idle after disbursement, and quietly redirected money to cover operating expenses or repay unrelated debts.

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